Simon Antrobus is Addaction’s Chief Executive. He writes:
In the early 90s the prison population stood at 44,000. In less than 20 years it has almost doubled to 85,000, and it could rise to as high as 94,000 by 2015.
So, despite the crime rates falling, we lock more people up with no great change to re-offending rates and with no great change to people’s fear of crime.
Last week I met Greg (not his real name) who spent most of his childhood moving from one children’s home to the next, he didn’t know either of his parents and grew up without any real sense of love, affection or support.
Unsurprisingly, Greg grew into a tough, conflicted and angry adult. But should we really be surprised at that? Or that someone like Greg has used drugs to deal with deep-rooted emotional problems?
Greg’s drug use caused mayhem for him – and also for the community in which he lived. And like so many others, inevitably led him into crime and to prison.
Of course, prison is there to punish Greg. And it will protect his local community while he’s serving his sentence. But then what? Will it help him deal with his long-standing problems? Can it help him deal with the feelings he has desperately been trying to ignore? And will it stop him using drugs, and living a criminal life?
It’s clear that an overcrowded prison system, where reoffending rates remain consistently high, and where a disproportionate number of people with mental health problems and drug and alcohol addictions are incarcerated, needs reform. As well as punishing people, it can – and should – help rehabilitate.
Today, the Justice Secretary Kenneth Clarke touched on just these kind of issues in his speech to the Centre for Crime and Justice studies in London. Clarke argued that “Banging up more and more people for longer” is actually making some criminals worse, without protecting the public.
Of course all of this needs careful thought, but despite our country’s tendency to go for the most punitive approach, we could do well to learn from elsewhere in the world and start treating the prison population, and people like Greg, as human beings.
Richard Wilkinson’s book The Spirit Level draws on wise comments from criminal lawyers, criminologists and psychiatrists in the Netherlands. They suggest that ‘a prison system should see the offender as a thinking feeling human being, capable of responding to therapeutic interventions aimed at supporting their rehabilitation.’ He also cites Japan’s low rates of imprisonment; something supported by flexibility in the prosecution and sentencing proceedings.
Yes we need a prison system that punishes and protects but we desperately need one that emphasises treatment and rehabilitation., and where it’s appropriate rehabilitation and support outside of prison walls. Genuine remorse, a commitment to atone for ones errors and a clear desire – and opportunity - to reform are key motivators to reparation programmes, inside or outside of prison.
This kind of approach not only reduces the prison population, it reduces the length of a sentence. It recognises that these people will ultimately live alongside all of us and their rehabilitation is not simply solved by a short or long dose of incarceration.
But, as it stands, the prison system is failing us and it’s failing people like Greg. As already stated, people with serious drug and alcohol problems make up a vast number of the prison population. The majority genuinely want to get clean, find a job, be in a relationship and live a normal, happy, family life.
So; calling for reform, as Kenneth Clarke has done today, is not just about calling for a reduction in the prison population. It’s also about what we do to help and support those who end up in prison, so they to lead the kind of lives they aspire to, and which benefit the people around them.





